Two Weeks

 

FEEDING

Your baby should be growing well on either breast milk or formula. If you are breast- feeding, your infant may be sucking for 10 to 15 minutes each side. If you find your infant wanting to nurse for 30 minutes or more, he may be using you for a pacifier, and you may want to consider an artificial pacifier to meet his sucking needs. Your baby may want to nurse as often as every 2 hours. This is normal, although tiring for the mother. If this is the case, try to take some naps during the daytime when your baby sleeps.

If your baby is formula fed, he should be on an iron containing formula for proper nutrition. Most babies at this age drink 2 to 3 ounces every 2 to 3 hours. If he is growing normally and willing to sleep longer at night, there is no need to wake him up for a nighttime feeding.

When your baby wakes up, try to talk and play with him before you feed him. This interaction is important for his development.

Vitamin D is recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics for breast fed infants. This can be purchased over the counter as a combination Vitamin ACD drop. Fluoride is started at 6 months of age if it is not in the water.

DEVELOPMENT

Babies are learning to focus and listen. Smiles and gentle, pleasant voices help to calm your baby and are helpful for his development. Mothers may need help from fathers, family or friends to prevent fatigue.

SLEEP

Babies may sleep as long as 16 to 18 hours a day. We recommend that babies sleep on their backs to prevent SIDS. Be careful not to put your baby in the same sleep position each time or he may develop flattening of the back of his head. The American Academy of Pediatrics also discourages parents from having their infants sleep in the same bed with them. This may also increase the risk for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. The infant should be placed on a firm mattress with no pillows or blankets around his head or face.

BOWEL MOVEMENTS

Breast fed babies usually have watery yellow stools with small curds in them. They can have as many as 8 to 10 bowel movements a day or as few as one bowel movement every 5 to 6 days. As long as they are soft, they are considered normal. Your baby may strain to pass a bowel movement. This is also normal. Call us if the infant becomes excessively fussy when passing stool or if he has blood in the stool.

Formula fed babies may have mushy to firm stools. That is also normal. Studies have shown that iron is not the cause of constipation and your baby should be on an iron containing formula. If your baby’s stools are extra hard, please call us for advice.

COLIC AND GAS

Many infants have a lot of gas that passes through the rectum. Some infants seem fussy or in pain with the gas and others have no problems with it. We don’t know that the gas necessarily causes the pain. Some infants cry several hours a day for several days out of the week. This is considered “colic.” There are different causes of crying in different babies. Please call us before trying different feedings or medications. Parents can spend a lot of money on treatments that are not effective.

SAFETY

Babies should always be in approved car seats when traveling. They should ideally be in the middle of the back seat facing to the rear. Never leave you baby alone with small children or pets. Do not put your baby’s crib near a heater. Crib slats should be no wider than 2 3/8 inches apart.

CALL US IF:

  • Your baby develops a fever over 100.5

  • Your baby is extra irritable and you cannot calm him.

Two Months

 

FEEDING

Your baby still needs only breast milk or infant formula to grow normally.  He is not mature enough to digest the starches found in cereal.    Cereal can be started at 4 to 6 months of age.  At 2 months most babies take about 4 ounces of formula every 3 to 4 hours.
Always hold your baby during feeding time.  Then your baby learns that you are there to meet his needs.  This is an important and special time.

DEVELOPMENT

Babies start to lift their heads briefly.  They reach for things with their hands.  If an object is placed in their hands they will grasp it briefly.   They enjoy smiling faces and sometimes smile in return.  Cooing sounds may be made in response to people speaking gentle, soothing words.

SLEEP

Many babies wake up every 3 to 4 hours, while others sleep through the night.  Every baby is different.  Feeding your baby extra milk or cereal usually does not help him sleep better at night.  To help your baby sleep through the night you can start putting him in his own room.   A baby needs to learn how to put himself to sleep so that when he awakens at night, he will go back to sleep on his own.  To help him learn to go to sleep on his own, place him in the crib when he’s drowsy but still awake.  Let him fuss for a few minutes to see if he will go to sleep before picking him up.  For more information about sleep please ask us.  REMEMBER TO NOT PUT YOUR BABY TO SLEEP ON HIS TUMMY.

SAFETY

  • Never leave your child alone, except in a crib.

  • To avoid suffocation and choking, make sure your baby’s crib has slats not more than 2 3/8 inches apart. Make sure the mattress fits snugly in the crib and that bumper pads are tight enough to prevent him from wedging his head between them and the mattress.

  • Keep the crib sides up.

  • To prevent burns, never eat, drink or carry anything hot while holding your baby.

  • Don’t leave your child alone in the car.

  • Use an approved infant car seat and follow the instructions for proper use.

  • Never leave your baby alone when he is on a high place such as a changing table.

IMMUNIZATIONS

Your baby needs several immunizations for proper protection against contagious diseases.  Some of these immunizations may be given in a combination vaccine.

  • DTaP – This immunization protects your baby against Diphtheria, Tetanus and Pertussis, or Whooping Cough

  • IPV – This vaccine prevents paralytic poliomyelitis. It is an inactivated vaccine.

  • HIB – This vaccine protects against Hemophilus Influenza Type B, a common cause of meningitis and other life-threatening diseases.

  • HEPATITIS B – This vaccine protects against the type of liver disease that may lead to liver cancer or cirrhosis of the liver.

  • PREVNAR – This is a vaccine that protects against certain diseases caused by Streptococcus pneumonia bacteria. It protects the infant from meningitis, bacteremia (bacteria in the bloodstream) and to a lesser extent, ear infections.

  • RotaTeq – This is an oral vaccine that protects against a serious diarrhea disease caused by rotavirus.

CALL OUR OFFICE IF:

  • Your child has a reaction other than a low-grade fever less than 101 or mild irritability.

  • Your child gets a fever that lasts longer than 48 hours.

Four Months

 

FEEDING

Your baby should still be taking breast milk or infant formula.  The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends waiting until six months of age before introducing juices.  Baby cereal can be started between 4 to 6 months of age.  While not usually necessary for infant nutrition, it may be a fun experience for your baby to learn to eat from a spoon.

When you start cereal, start with rice cereal mixed with breast milk or formula.  You may want to start with a thin mix of cereal and then gradually thicken it as the infant learns to handle it.   When your baby readily eats the cereal, you can gradually feed her pureed fruits and vegetables.  Don’t start new foods more often then 3 to 5 days to make sure she is not allergic to the new food.

Never leave your baby in bed with a bottle.  It leads to poor sleep habits and can eventually lead to tooth decay.  Don’t give your baby a bottle just to quiet him when she really isn’t hungry.  Bottles should be used for infant nutrition, not for comfort or baby sitting.

DEVELOPMENT

Continue to put your baby on her tummy for playtime.  She should be starting to roll over from stomach to back.  She should be laughing and squealing when happy.  She will cry or fuss when hungry or tired.  Be gentle and soothing when holding or talking with her.  Babies enjoy toys that they can start to grasp.  They also enjoy toys that make a noise when shaken.
It is still normal for babies to cry.  It is best to try to meet their needs as quickly as possible.  You won’t spoil your baby at this age.

SLEEP

Many babies are now starting to sleep all night.  Remember to put your baby in her crib awake for naps and at bedtime to teach her to fall asleep on her own.

SAFETY

  • To avoid suffocation or choking, remove hanging mobiles or toys before your baby can reach them. Keep cords, ropes or strings away from your baby, especially near the crib.

  • Keep plastic bags and balloons out of reach. Use only unbreakable toys without sharp edges or small parts that can come loose.

  • Never eat, drink, or carry anything hot near the baby or while you are holding her.

  • Turn down your water heater to 120 degrees.

  • Never heat formula in a microwave. Check it carefully for proper temperature.

  • Use an approved infant car seat correctly in the back seat.

  • Never leave your baby alone in a high place.

  • Do not put your baby in a walker.

IMMUNIZATIONS

Your baby will need the same immunizations that she received at the two month visit.  Some immunizations may be given in a combination vaccine.

  • DTaP – This immunization protects your baby against Diphtheria, Tetanus and Pertussis, or Whooping Cough.

  • IPV – This vaccine prevents paralytic poliomyelitis. It is an inactivated vaccine.

  • HIB – This vaccine protects against Hemophilus Influenza Type B, a common cause of meningitis and other life-threatening diseases.

  • HEPATITIS B – This vaccine protects against the type of liver disease that may lead to liver cancer or cirrhosis of the liver.

  • PREVNAR – This is a vaccine that protects against certain diseases caused by Streptococcus pneumonia bacteria. It protects the infant from meningitis, bacteremia (bacteria in the bloodstream) and to a lesser extent, ear infections.

  • RotaTeq – This is an oral vaccine that protects against a serious diarrhea disease caused by rotavirus.

CALL OUR OFFICE IF:

  • Your child has a reaction other than a low-grade fever less than 101 or mild irritability.

  • Your child gets a fever that lasts longer than 48 hours.

Six Months

 

FEEDING

If you haven’t started your baby on baby foods, you can start now.  You can start with fruits and vegetables now, then introduce meats and eggs.  It is okay to make your own baby foods by grinding up the foods that you eat.  Be careful to avoid choking.  Also, do not add extra salt or sugar to foods that you cook and offer to your baby.  You can feed him three meals a day along with your meals.  That will provide social interaction as well as nutrition.

Your baby should be started on fluoride drops if they are not already in the water.  You may also start your baby on a glass or sipper cup.  It would be okay to give him juice or water in the cup.  That way he will be ready to wean at around a year of age.  We don’t recommend milk in the bottle for the first year of age.  If you are bottle-feeding, do not put your baby to bed with the bottle as it will promote tooth decay and poor sleep habits.

DEVELOPMENT

At this age, your baby should be rolling over and starting to sit.  He should be bearing weight on his legs.  He should be grasping things and putting them in his mouth.  He should be laughing and babbling and often will do the “raspberry.”   You can help his development by placing him on a blanket on the floor and encouraging him to roll, sit up and explore.

SLEEP

Your baby may not want to be put in bed.  A favorite blanket or stuffed animal may make it easier for him.  Try to develop a nighttime routine of holding him, reading or singing to him, placing him in bed and giving him a goodnight kiss.  A bath at bedtime might also relax him and help him calm down.  Use the same routine every night.  Be calm and consistent.

TEETHING

An infant may start teething as early as four months of age, but generally between six and eight months of age.  He may not start teething until after 12 months of age.  You may not know when he is teething except that he may be a little extra fussy.  He may also be a little congested and have a low-grade fever.  A true fever greater than 101 degrees is not due to teething and should not be ignored.  Tylenol or ibuprofen will help the discomfort due to teething.  A cold teething ring is also helpful to numb the gums where the teeth are coming through.

SAFETY

 

  • Keep the crib sides up to prevent falls.

  • Keep small toys and objects off the floor that can lead to choking. This may be even more important when visiting friends or relatives.

  • Keep your infant away from stoves, hot drinks, and fireplaces to prevent burns.

  • Be extra cautious to prevent curling iron burns by keeping the cord of the curling iron out of reach when it is hot.

  • Do not place your infant in a walker that he can push or move.

  • Keep him in a car seat in the back seat and facing backwards. Experts now recommended this position until two years of age.

  • Be careful to keep poisons, knives, electrical cords or other dangerous items out of reach. Your infant will become very active and can easily get into trouble!

IMMUNIZATIONS

Your baby will need more immunizations.  They may be given in combination.

  • DTaP – This immunization protects your baby against Diphtheria, Tetanus and Pertussis, or Whooping Cough.

  • PREVNAR – This is a vaccine that protects against certain diseases caused by Streptococcus pneumonia bacteria. It protects the infant from meningitis, bacteremia (bacteria in the bloodstream) and to a lesser extent, ear infections.

  • IPV – This vaccine prevents paralytic poliomyelitis. It is an inactivated vaccine.

  • HEPATITIS B – This vaccine may be given at either the 6 or nine month visit.

  • HIB – This vaccine protects against Hemophilus Influenza Type B, a common cause of meningitis and other life-threatening diseases.

  • RotaTeq – This is an oral vaccine that protects against a serious diarrhea disease caused by rotavirus.

CALL OUR OFFICE IF:

  • Your child has a reaction other than a low-grade fever less than 101 or mild irritability.

  • Your child gets a fever that lasts longer than 48 hours.

Nine Months

 

FEEDING

Your baby should continue having breast milk or infant formula until he is 1 year old.  Most bottle-fed babies now take 6 to 8 ounces of formula 4 times a day.  Encourage your baby to drink formula and juice from a cup now.  This is a good time to begin weaning from the bottle.  We encourage you to wean him by one year of age.

Your baby may prefer table food.  He may want to try to feed himself.  If you feed him food from the table, do not add extra salt. He may be able to handle soft chunks of food such as soft potatoes, cooked green beans, soft diced carrots, etc.  You can continue to add meats to your baby’s diet.

By now your child probably has 1 or more teeth.  After meals and before bedtime, try to wash off the teeth with a clean cloth.  You should also continue fluoride drops if it is not in the water.

DEVELOPMENT AND DISCIPLINE

Babies are starting to crawl and pull themselves up to stand. They love to bang things together to make sounds.  They may start to say “dada” and “mama.”

At this age, babies learn what “no” means.  Say “no” calmly and firmly and either take away the item that your child should not be playing with or remove him from the situation.  If your child continues to do what you told him not to do, you can put your baby in a playpen for 1 minute without any toys or attention from you.

Give your baby a choice of toys to play with and talk about to him about the ones he chooses.  During play you can give lots of kisses and hugs.  Peek-a-boo is a favorite game.

SLEEP

A regular bedtime hour and routine are important.  Babies enjoy looking at picture books.  You may want to read one regularly with your child.  A favorite blanket or stuffed animal may help your baby feel secure at bedtime.  If your baby wakes up a lot at night, ask us for advice.  Do not put your baby in bed with a bottle.

CAR SEAT SAFETY

If your child reaches 20 pounds and is still riding in an infant seat, it may be time for a new car seat.  He should be placed in a car seat that will fit backwards in the car until two years of age.    Carefully follow the manufacturer’s instructions when installing new or converting old car seats for your child.

SAFETY

  • Avoid candy, hot dogs, peanuts, etc. that can cause choking in your baby.

  • Store toys in a chest without a dropping lid.

  • Put plastic covers in unused electrical outlet.

  • Keep curling irons and electrical cords out of reach.

  • Use care around stoves and other hot items.

  • Never leave your baby alone in a bathtub.

  • Always supervise your baby around water, including toilets and buckets.

  • Never leave your baby alone around steps, open windows, or other places that he can fall from.

  • Keep sharp objects out of the way.

  • Keep medicines and chemicals safely locked away or disposed of safely.

  • Keep the number handy for the Poison Control Center: 1-800-222-1222

IMMUNIZATIONS

Your baby may need the following immunizations if not already done:

  • HEPATITIS B – This vaccine may be given at either the 6 or nine month visit.

CALL OUR OFFICE IF:

  • Your child has a reaction to his vaccine.

  • Your child gets a fever that lasts longer than 48 hours.

  • Your child gets an illness that needs medical attention.

  • Your child is in an accident where you suspect a broken bone or he has bleeding that cannot be quickly controlled.

  • Other questions about your child’s health.

Twelve Months

 

FEEDING

At one year of age, you may start to use whole milk as long as your baby’s red blood cell count is normal.  Babies need whole milk (instead of low-fat or skim) until they are two years old.  We encourage you to wean your baby completely off the bottle to the cup at this time.

Table foods are best now.  Baby food is usually not needed now.  Babies can eat with you at meal times and can have 2 to 3 healthy snacks each day.  Serve milk with the meals.  Babies do not grow as fast the second year and may seem to have little or no appetite.  You will need to trust her appetite.  We will carefully follow her growth to make sure she is getting the proper nutrition.   Ask us if your baby might need vitamins.  She should continue with fluoride drops if it is not in the water.

DEVELOPMENT

Babies are different in their developmental stages.  Your baby should be able to pull herself to a stand.  She may be able to walk or nearly walk.  She may play games and imitate activities.  She may react positively or negatively to strangers.  She should be able to put one object inside of another.  She may be able to say two or three words such as “mama” or “dada.”  You can help her by pointing to things and repeating the word.  It also helps to have her touch things while you say the words.  Smile and praise your child when she learns new things.

As your baby learns to walk she will want to explore new places.  This is normal.  Watch her closely.  Babies need parents to protect them.

DISCIPLINE

You will need to start to set limits for your baby.  If she cries because she cannot have her way, either distract her or place her in a “time out” spot for about one minute.  Try to praise her for positive things so that she is not always hearing the word “no.”

SLEEP

If your baby is not sleeping through the night, let us discuss it with you.  Your baby should not be going to bed with a bottle.  Continue nighttime routines that will help her know what to expect at bedtime.

CAR SEAT SAFETY

Experts now recommend that the baby continue to face backwards in the car seat until age two.  Keep her in the back seat especially if you have air bags in your car.  Carefully follow the manufacturer’s instructions when installing new or converting old car seats for your child.

SAFETY

  • Avoid candy, hot dogs, peanuts, etc. that can cause choking in your baby.

  • Put plastic covers in unused electrical outlet.

  • Keep curling irons and electrical cords out of reach.

  • Use care around stoves and other hot items.

  • Never leave your baby alone in a bathtub.

  • Always supervise your baby around water, including toilets and buckets.

  • Never leave your baby alone around steps, open windows, or other places that he can fall from.

  • Keep sharp objects out of the way.

  • Keep medicines and chemicals safely locked away or disposed of safely.

  • Keep the number handy for the Poison Control Center: 1-800-222-1222

IMMUNIZATIONS

Your child will need the following immunizations after reaching her first birthday:

  • MMR (Measles, Mumps and Rubella)

  • VARIVAX (Chickenpox Vaccine)

  • HIB (Hemophilus Influenza Type B)

  • HEPATITIS A – This may be started at 12 months or 18 months.

  • PREVNAR (Protects against Streptococcus Pneumonia bacteria) DTaP (Diphtheria, Tetanus and Pertussis)

  • CALL OUR OFFICE IF: Your child develops a rash or fever in the two week time period following the vaccine.

Fifteen Months

 

DEVELOPMENT

Walking, rolling a ball, saying more words, understanding (if not always following) some directions: Your little one’s hitting lots of impressive milestones lately, and it’s exciting to see your toddler taking steps — or even a running start — toward becoming a big kid.

The doctor will once again complete a full physical examination of your child, and a dental check. If those first molars haven’t cut through yet –ouch!—they may soon be on their way.

Every child follows her own developmental timetable — some zoom ahead socially, others physically, and still others seem to understand everything (receptive language) but say nothing (expressive language). Here are some skills the doctor may check for this month:

  • Understanding simple commands

  • Shaking her head “no” (sometimes when she means “yes”)

  • Using a sippy or big-kid cup

  • Enjoying looking at books

  • Pointing to get what she wants and to show you something interesting

  • Picking up and moving toys intentionally

  • Saying two to three words

Remember, every child is one-of-a-kind — and there’s a wide range of normal when it comes to development. If you’re concerned about something in your toddler’s development or if you just have a nagging feeling something’s not quite right, speak up.

Also check in if your child seems to have lost skills she already mastered (especially verbal or social skills),isn’t gaining skills (like adding new words), shows little affection or joyful emotions, or has picked up repetitive or unusual actions, like spinning or flapping her arms. Something else to ask about: if your toddler hasn’t spoken a word by the time she’s 16 months old.

CAR SEAT SAFETY

Experts now recommend that the baby continue to face backwards in the car seat until age two.  Keep her in the back seat especially if you have air bags in your car.  Carefully follow the manufacturer’s instructions when installing new or converting old car seats for your child.

SAFETY

  • Avoid candy, hot dogs, peanuts, etc. that can cause choking in your baby.

  • Put plastic covers in unused electrical outlet.

  • Keep curling irons and electrical cords out of reach.

  • Use care around stoves and other hot items.

  • Never leave your baby alone in a bathtub.

  • Always supervise your baby around water, including toilets and buckets.

  • Never leave your baby alone around steps, open windows, or other places that he can fall from.

  • Keep sharp objects out of the way.

  • Keep medicines and chemicals safely locked away or disposed of safely.

  • Keep the number handy for the Poison Control Center: 1-800-222-1222

IMMUNIZATIONS

Your child will need the following immunizations after reaching 15 months:

  • MMR (Measles, Mumps and Rubella)

  • VARIVAX (Chickenpox Vaccine)

  • Pentacel (Diphtheria, Tetanus, acellular Pertussis, Polio, Hemophilus Influenza Type B)

  • CALL OUR OFFICE IF: Your child develops a rash or fever in the two week time period following the vaccine.

Eighteen Months

 

NUTRITION

Family meals are important for your baby.  Let him eat with you.  This helps him learn.  Don’t make mealtime a battle.  Let your baby feed himself.  Your child should use a spoon and drink from a cup now.  Continue fluoride supplement if there is no fluoride in the water.  Your child may now be ready for chewable fluoride.

DEVELOPMENT

Children at this age should be learning many new words.  You can help his vocabulary by reading to him as well as showing and naming new things.  Help your child be active by playing games and sports with him.  Take him outside as often as possible.  Give him choices that are acceptable to you. Let him learn to choose for himself rather than force him to abide by your choice.

DISCIPLINE

  • Praise your child for doing good things. Make an effort to catch him being good. Minimize the “no’s” and try to be positive and praising. Continue to set limits, as this will give your child security. Children at this time often say “no” or refuse to do what you want them to do. The following are suggestions to help them learn about rules and to keep them safe:

  • Child-proof the home. Go through each room and remove valuable, dangerous or messy things. Children are curious and will get into things that you do no want them to if they are available.

  • Divert and substitute. If a child is playing with something you don’t want him to have, replace it with another object or toy that is acceptable. This will avoid a power struggle and avoid your child having to say “no.”

  • Teach and lead. Have as few rules as necessary and enforce them. These rules should be rules that are important for his safety. If a rule is broken, after a short, clear and gentle explanation, immediately find a place for your child to sit alone for 1 minute. It is very important that punishment come immediately after a rule is broken.

  • Be consistent with discipline. Don’t make threats that you cannot carry out. If you say you are going to do it, do it.

TOILET TRAINING

At 18 months, most toddlers are not yet showing signs that they are ready for toilet training.  When toddlers report to parents that they have wet or soiled their diaper, they are beginning to be aware that they prefer dryness.  This is a good sign and you should praise your child.  Toddlers are naturally curious about the use of the bathroom by other people.  Let them watch you or other family members use the toilet.  It is important not to put too many demands on a child or shame the child during toilet training.

SAFETY

  • Keep plastic bags, balloons and small hard objects out of reach.

  • Avoid peanuts and other foods with a choking potential.

  • Keep hot appliances and electrical cords out of reach.

  • Turn your hot water temperature down to 120 degrees.

  • Hold your child’s hands when approaching a street or you are near traffic.

  • Provide a play area where balls and riding toys cannot roll into the street.

  • Always watch your child around water. Never leave your toddler alone in the bathtub.

  • Keep all medicines, vitamins, cleaning fluids, etc. locked away.

  • Purchase all medicines in containers with safety caps.

  • Keep the number handy for the Poison Control Center: 1-800-222-1222.

IMMUNIZATIONS:

Your child may need the following immunizations:

  • DTaP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, acellular Pertussis)

  • Hepatitis A

CALL OUR OFFICE IF:

  • Your child has a reaction to his vaccine.

  • Your child gets a fever that lasts longer than 48 hours.

  • Your child is in an accident where you suspect a broken bone or he has bleeding that cannot be quickly controlled.

  • Other questions about your child’s health.

Two Years

 

NUTRITION

Children should be eating regular table foods during meal times.  Many children are picky eaters and it is important to not try to force a child to eat.  Mealtime should not be a battlefield.  However, do not let your child graze all day.  Be careful to give healthy snacks and give no foods for at least an hour before a scheduled meal.  Your child should be able to drink 2% or 1% milk, depending on the family choice.  Continue to give fluoride supplementation if there is not fluoride in the water.

DEVELOPMENT

Your child will continue to develop his physical skills as he grows.  Give your child opportunities to explore his environment and participate in sports or other physical activities.  Let him be outside as much as possible.

Speech development will continue as he continues to improve vocabulary and clarity of speech.  Younger children may stutter normally, but if it continues ask us for advice.

Read books to your child as often as you can.  Help him develop a love for reading at an early age.  Television should be limited to a few hours a week.  Parents should try to watch the television with their child so that they are aware of the programs that are being watched.

DISCIPLINE

Continue to “catch your child being good” and praise him for the good things he is doing.  He will respond much better to positive discipline than negative discipline.

Help your child work.  You can teach him good work habits by helping him clean his room, do the dishes, pick up toys, etc.

Avoid physical punishment as much as possible.  “Time outs” are a much more effective way to discipline a child.  A time out should be limited to about 1 minute per year of age.  Be sure to give the child hugs and comfort when he comes out of time out.

TOILET TRAINING

When your child goes for long periods of time in a dry diaper and shows an interest in the toilet, you can start toilet training.  Let him watch a parent use the toilet so he gets the idea of what needs to be done.  Use a potty-chair for smaller children.  A child cannot effective push out a stool if his legs are dangling. So if he is on the regular toilet, provide something solid for his feet to rest upon.  Use plenty of praise and be careful of criticism or ridicule.  If your child is not ready, it is better to wait than sacrifice his self-esteem.

SAFETY

  • Keep plastic bags, balloons and small hard objects out of reach.

  • Avoid peanuts and other foods with a choking potential.

  • Keep hot appliances and electrical cords out of reach.

  • Turn your hot water temperature down to 120 degrees.

  • Hold your child’s hands when approaching a street or you are near traffic.

  • Provide a play area where balls and riding toys cannot roll into the street.

  • Always watch your child around water. Never leave your toddler alone in the bathtub.

  • Keep all medicines, vitamins, cleaning fluids, etc. locked away.

  • Purchase all medicines in containers with safety caps.

  • Keep the number handy for the Poison Control Center: 1-800-222-1222.

IMMUNIZATIONS

Your child may need the following immunizations:

  • Hepatitis A

Other vaccines may be recommended for “catch-up” if your child is incompletely immunized.  The next required vaccines will be due at age 4 to 6 or before kindergarten.  We also recommend a yearly influenza vaccine.

Raising a child can be an exciting but challenging adventure.  You will learn more about yourself as you learn to become a better parent.  Please feel free to call us for questions or help that you may need.

 We look forward to watching your child grow! Annual exams will be scheduled through age 18.